Illinois Pesticide Applicator Practice Test

What does the term “biological control” refer to in pest management?

1. Using natural predators or pathogens to control pest populations

2. Employing chemical pesticides in targeted treatments

3. Implementing cultural practices to deter pests

4. Utilizing mechanical traps and barriers

The correct answer is: Using natural predators or pathogens to control pest populations

The term "biological control" in pest management specifically refers to the use of natural predators or pathogens to regulate and manage pest populations. This method harnesses the natural relationships found in ecosystems, where certain organisms can naturally keep the populations of pests in check. For example, introducing ladybugs into a garden can help control aphid populations, as ladybugs feed on aphids. Biological control is sustainable and environmentally friendly, often resulting in fewer chemical inputs and less negative impact on non-target organisms and the environment. This approach can contribute to long-term pest management solutions, promoting a healthier balance within the ecosystem. In contrast, the other options involve methods that do not align with the definition of biological control. Chemical pesticides generally target pests directly rather than leveraging natural predation. Cultural practices focus on modifying farming practices to make the environment less hospitable for pests, which is different from using biological agents. Mechanical traps and barriers are physical methods of pest exclusion or capture but do not involve living organisms functioning in an ecological context.